Initial vs. Recurrent Training Matrix

Initial training is completed before a crewmember may perform a function — e.g., before serving as PIC, before conducting IFR operations, or before carrying passengers. Recurrent training is repeated at a specified calendar-month interval to maintain currency. Many Part 135 recurrent events use 12-calendar-month intervals, meaning the event must be completed by the end of the same-numbered month in each calendar year.

A calendar month interval (e.g., "within the preceding 12 calendar months") means through the end of the same-numbered month. If a pilot's competency check was completed on March 10, 2025, it is current through March 31, 2026. The check can be completed up to 31 days early without losing the original expiration date — so completing it in February 2026 keeps the March 31 expiration.

Yes. Under 14 CFR 61.56(d), a pilot who has passed a proficiency check under 14 CFR 135.293 within the preceding 24 calendar months does not need a separate flight review. The competency check serves as the BFR. However, the competency check itself must still meet the 135.293 requirements.

Under 14 CFR 135.297, Part 135 pilots who conduct IFR operations must complete an instrument proficiency check within the preceding 6 calendar months. This is more frequent than the Part 61 instrument currency requirement (6 approaches + hold + intercept in the preceding 6 months). The check must be conducted in the specific aircraft type or an approved FTD/simulator for that type.

The CRM training interval is not set by a single CFR citation — it is determined by your FAA-approved training program and operations specifications. Most operators conduct initial CRM as part of indoctrination training and recurrent CRM annually or as part of the simulator training event. The specific interval is documented in your approved training program and reflected in A006 of your OpSpecs.